Design and Synthesis of Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2) and Histone Deacetlyase (HDAC) Bispecific Inhibitors Based on Pacritinib and Evidence of Dual Pathway Inhibition in Hematological Cell Lines

J Med Chem. 2016 Sep 22;59(18):8233-62. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00157. Epub 2016 Sep 8.

Abstract

Blockage of more than one oncoprotein or pathway is now a standard approach in modern cancer therapy. Multiple inhibition is typically achieved with two or more drugs. Herein, we describe a pharmacophore merging strategy combining the JAK2/FLT3 inhibitor pacritnib with the pan-HDAC inhibitor, vorinostat, to create bispecific single molecules with both JAK and HDAC targeted inhibition. A preferred ether hydroxamate, 51, inhibits JAK2 and HDAC6 with low nanomolar potency, is <100 nM potent against HDACs 2 and 10, submicromolar potent against HDACs 1, 8, and 11, and >50-fold selective for JAK2 in a panel of 97 kinases. Broad cellular antiproliferative potency is supported by demonstration of JAK-STAT and HDAC pathway blockade in several hematological cell lines, inhibition of colony formation in HEL cells, and analysis of apoptosis. This study provides new tool compounds for further exploration of dual JAK-HDAC pathway inhibiton achieved with a single molecule.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Bridged-Ring Compounds / chemistry*
  • Bridged-Ring Compounds / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Hematologic Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Hematologic Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / chemistry*
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Janus Kinase 2 / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Models, Molecular
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Pyrimidines / chemistry*
  • Pyrimidines / pharmacology*
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects

Substances

  • 11-(2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethoxy)-14,19-dioxa-5,7,26-triazatetracyclo(19.3.1.1(2,6).1(8,12))heptacosa-1(25),2(26),3,5,8,10,12(27),16,21,23-decaene
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Bridged-Ring Compounds
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Pyrimidines
  • Janus Kinase 2